Line of Actual Control (LAC):
• Sino-Indian border - more than 4000 km long. • Covers western sector (UT of Ladakh); middle sector
(Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand); and the eastern
sector (sikkim and McMahon line of Arunachal
Pradesh). • Dispute with respect to Western and Middle boundary:
India claims that China occupies more than 38000
sq km in UT of Ladakh.
1964 - Pakistan ceded a part of Indian territory
in Pakistan occupied Kashmir to China.
China administers the Aksai Chin area - part of
the present UT of Ladakh in India.
• Dispute with respect to Eastern boundary:
1914: Shimla Accord signed by the British Indian
authorities, Tibet and China - the boundary between Tibet
and the northeastern India was proposed by British officer Henry McMahon - so the name McMahon line.
1950: China started to ‘incorporate’ Tibet into the Peoples’ Republic of China - boundary disputes emerged between India and China.
China officially does not agree with the McMahon line. • No commonly delineated Line of Actual Control (LAC) between
India and China - there are areas along the border where India and China have differing perceptions of the LAC.
• Indian Government regularly takes up any transgression with the Chinese side through established mechanisms.
